Ophthalmic Disorders

Blepharitis

American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea/External Disease Panel. (2013). Preferred Practice Pattern Guideline. Blepharitis. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/blepharitis-ppp--2013

Boyd, K. (2017). Blepharitis Treatment. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/blepharitis-treatment

Shtein, R. (2017). Blepharitis. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/blepharitis

Cataract

American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2016). Cataract in the Adult Eye. Retrieved Nov. 14, 2017, from https://www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016

Bashour, M. (2016). Congenital Cataract. Emedicine. Retrieved Nov. 14, 2017, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1210837-overview

Mayo Clinic. Cataracts. (2016). Retrieved Nov. 14, 2017, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cataracts/symptoms-causes/syc-20353790

Facts About Cataract. (2015). National Eye Institute. Retrieved Nov. 14, 2017, from https://nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts

Gali, H. E., & Afshari, N. A. (2017). Patient-centered advancements in cataract surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 28(1), 1-2.

Graham, R. (2016). Traumatic Cataract. Retrieved Nov. 14, 2017, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1211083-overview

Lee, C. M., & Afshari, N. A. (2017). The global state of cataract blindness. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 28(1), 98-103.

Left, M., & Robbins, S. L. (2016). Congenital Cataracts. Consultant 56(3), 275-276.

Chalazion

American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2017). Chalazion and stye treatment. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/chalazion-stye-treatment

Biuk, D., Matic, S., Barac, J., Vukovic, M. J., Buik, E. & Matic. M. (2012). Chalazion management – surgical treatment versus triamcinolone application. College of Anthropology, 37 (Suppl 1): 247-250.

Deschênes, J. (2017). Chalazion. Medscape. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1212709-overview

Goawalla, A. & Lee, V. (2007). A prospective randomized treatment study comparing three treatment options for chalazia: triamcinolone acetonide injections, incision and curettage and treatment with hot compresses. Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 35, 706-712.

Knezevic, T., Ivekovic, R., Astalos, J. P., Laus, K. N., Mandic, Z. & Matejcic, A. (2008). Botulinum toxin A injection for primary and recurrent chalazia. Archives of Clinical Experimental Ophthalmology, 247: 789-794.

Liang, L., Ding. X., & Tseng, S. (2014). High prevalence of Demodex brevis infestation in chalazia. American Journal of Ophthalmology; 157 (2) 342-348.

Simon, G. J., Rosen, N., Rosner, M., & Spierer, A. (2011). Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection versus incision and curettage for primary chalazia: a prospective, randomized study. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 151(4), 714-718.

Conjunctivitis

American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2013). Conjunctivitis Preferred Practice Pattern. Retrieved March 15, 2018, from: https://www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/conjunctivitis-ppp--2013

American Optometric Association. (2002). Optometric Clinical Practice Guideline. Care of the Patient with Conjunctivitis. Retrieved March 15, 2018, from: https://www.aoa.org/documents/optometrists/CPG-11.pdf

Jacobs, D. S. (2017). Conjunctivitis. UpToDate. Retrieved March 15, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis

Corneal Abrasion

American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2012). Corneal Abrasion Treatment. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/corneal-abrasion-treatment

Domino, F., Baldor, R., Golding, J., Grimes, J., & Taylor, J. (2018). The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2018. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.

Jacobs, D.S. (2016). Corneal abrasions and corneal foreign bodies: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/corneal-abrasions-and-corneal-foreign-bodies-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis

Jacobs, D.S. (2017). Corneal abrasions and corneal foreign bodies: Management. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/corneal-abrasions-and-corneal-foreign-bodies-management

Dacryostenosis

Apoznanski, T., Abu-Sbaih, R., & Terzella, M. (2015). Resolution of dacryostenosis after osteopathic manipulative treatment. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 115(2):110-114.

Bashour, M. (2017). Congenital Anomalies of the Nasolacrimal Duct. Medscape. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1210252-overview

Garrity, J. (2017). Dacryostenosis - Eye Disorders. Merck Manual. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/eyelid-and-lacrimal-disorders/dacryostenosis

Paysse, E.A. (2017). Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (dacryostenosis) and dacryocystocele. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/congenital-nasolacrimal-duct-obstruction-dacryostenosis-and-dacryocystocele

Glaucoma

Casson, R., Chidlow, G., Wood, J., Crowston, J., et al. (2012). Definition of glaucoma: clinical and experimental concepts. Clinical & Experimental Opthalmology 40(4), 341-349. Doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2012.02773.x

DeNatale, R., & Gandolfi, S.A. (2013). Generic drugs in glaucoma therapy, a new reality to deal with. Clinical & Experimental Opthalmology 41(6). 622-624. Doi: 10.1111/ceo.12063

Dunphy, L. M., Winland-Brown, J. E., Porter, B.O., & Thomas, D.J. (2015). Primary Care: The Art and Science of Advanced Practice Nursing, (4th ed.). F. A. Davis: Philadelphia, PA.

Ferri, F. (2018). Ferri’s Clinical Advisor 2018. Elsevier: Philadelphia, PA.

Furlanetto, R.L., De Moraes, C.G., Teng, C., Liebmann, J., Greenfield, D.S., et al. (2014). Risk factors for optic disc hemorrhage in the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study. American Journal of Opthalmology, 157(5), 945-952.

Glaucoma Research Foundation. (2016). Are You at Risk for Glaucoma? Retrieved March 15, 2018, from: http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/are-you-at-risk-for-glaucoma.php

Lawler, L. & Morris, M.E. (2015). Validity and reliability of eye healthcare professionals in the assessment of glaucoma-a systematic review. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 69(6), 689-702. Doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2012.02773.x

Lunnela, J., Kaariainen, M. & Kyngas, H. (2011). Web-based intervention for improving adherence of people with glaucoma. Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness 3(2), 119-129. Doi: 10.1111/j.1752-9824.2011.01097.x

McCance, K.L., & Huether, S.E. (2014). Pathophysiology the biologic basis for disease in adults and children, (7th ed.). Elsevier: St. Louis, MO.

Parkins, D.J., & Edgar, D. (2012). College guidelines for examining patients at risk from glaucoma. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 32(2), 164. Doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2012.00895.x

Parrish II, R. (2014). Reframing the U.S. preventive services task force recommendations on screening for glaucoma. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 158 (5), 860-862.

Quigley, H.A., & Broman, A.T. (2006). The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. British Journal of Opthalmology, 3(90), 262-267. Doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.081224

Neonatal Conjunctivitis

American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2014). Neonatal Conjunctivitis. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://eyewiki.aao.org/Neonatal_Conjunctivitis #Treatment

Caserta, M. T. (2015). Neonatal conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia Neonatorum). Merck Manual. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/infections-in-neonates/neonatal-conjunctivitis

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) in Newborns. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/newborns.html

Kimberlin, D.W., Brady, M.T., Jackson, M.A., Long, S.S. (2018). Red Book 2018. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics.

McCourt, E. (2017). Neonatal Conjunctivitis. Medscape. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1192190-overview

Miller, K. (2006). Diagnosis and Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. American Family Physician. 73 (10): 1779-1784. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0515/p1779.html

Richards, A. A. (2010). Conjunctivitis. Pediatrics in Review, 31(5), 196-208. doi: 10.1542/pir.31-5-196

Ocular Chemical Burn

Gardiner, M. (2017). Overview of eye injuries in the emergency department. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-eye-injuries-in-the-emergency-department

Kaushik, S. & Bird, S. (2016). Topical chemical burns. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/topical-chemical-burns

Solano, J.J. (2017). Ocular Burns and Chemical Injuries Treatment & Management. Medscape. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/798696-treatment

Ocular Foreign Body

Jacobs, D. (2017). Corneal abrasions and corneal foreign bodies: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/corneal-abrasions-and-corneal-foreign-bodies-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis

Jacobs, D. (2017). Corneal abrasions and corneal foreign bodies: Management. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/corneal-abrasions-and-corneal-foreign-bodies-management

Refractive Errors

America Optometric Association. Astigmatism. (2014). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.aoa.org/patients-and-public/eye-and-vision-problems/glossary-of-eye-and-vision-conditions/astigmatism?sso=y

Lusby, F. (2013). Color blindness: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001002.htm

Mayo Clinic Staff. Astigmatism. (2014). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/astigmatism/basics/definition/CON-20022003?p=1

Mayo Clinic Staff. Farsightedness. (2015). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/farsightedness/basics/definition/CON-20027486?p=1

Mayo Clinic Staff. Nearsightedness. (2015). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nearsightedness/basics/definition/CON-20027548?p=1

Mayo Clinic Staff. Presbyopia. (2014). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/presbyopia/basics/definition/CON-20032261?p=1

National Eye Institute. (2010). Facts About Refractive Errors. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://nei.nih.gov/health/errors/errors

Refractive Errors. MedlinePlus. (2017). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://medlineplus.gov/refractiveerrors.html

Strabismus

American Optometric Association Consensus Panel on Care of the Patient with Strabismus. (2011). Care of the Patient with Strabismus: Optometric Clinical Practice Guideline. American Optometric Association, St. Louis, MO.

American Optometric Association. (2016). Strabismus (crossed eyes). Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.aoa.org/patients-and-public/eye-and-vision-problems/glossary-of-eye-and-vision-conditions/strabismus?sso=y

Coats, D. K., MD, & Paysse, E. A. (2016). Evaluation and management of strabismus in children. UpToDate. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-and-management-of-strabismus-in-children

Lusby, F. W. (2014). Strabismus. Medline Plus. Retrieved March 14, 2018, from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001004.htm

Repka, M. X., Kraker, R. T., Holmes, J. M., Summers, A. I., Glaser, S. R., Barnhardt, C. N., Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group. (2014). Atropine vs patching for treatment of moderate amblyopia: follow-up at 15 years of age of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol, 132(7), 799-805. Doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.392

Rowe, F. J., & Noonan, C. P. (2012). Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2, CD006499. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006499.pub3

Taylor, K., & Elliott, S. (2014). Interventions for strabismic amblyopia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 7, CD006461. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006461.pub4

Ye, X. C., Pegado, V., Patel, M. S., & Wasserman, W. W. (2014). Strabismus genetics across a spectrum of eye misalignment disorders. Clinical Genetics, 86(2), 103-111. Doi: 10.1111/cge.12367